Volatilizer.



F. TEED,

VOLATIHZER.

mucmou FILED AUG.24. m4.

latvntedSept. 26, 1916.

WITNESSES.-

/ IN ME TOR ADIKLQLM 2 A TTORNEV UNITED STATES .PATENTOFFICE;

FRANK TEED, OF PORTLAND, OREGON, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEOR GE E; WAG GONER AND ONE-HALF TO A. C. SHAW, BOTH OF PORTLAND, OREGON- voLanLIzEn.

Specification '0! Letters Patent. 1 Pai bed'bepfi. 26, 1916.

Application flied August 24, 1914. seriai No. 558,195.

To allwlwm it may concern V Be it known that I, FnaNK'Teao, a citizen th. f 0l owing'is a specification;

My invention relates to volatilizers for 1nternal combustion engines-and has for: its object the production of effective and novel apparatus for the conversion by eat of any suitable liquid fuel such as theheavier hydrocarbons, embracing kerosene, distillate,

and the like, into a gas, which with A proper admixture of air, for which my apparatus makes provision, is'available for fuel to the engine. I

Among the various features of my/invention tlie'fsimplicity of my apparatus as well as its high degree of efliciency resulting in the production of a gas of practically perfeet combustibilitg is important.

In respect to e ciency it may be observed that in apparatus of the class to which my invention belongs, the heat available for the heating of the liquid hydrocarbon or the like is derived from the exhaust products of the combustion which-takes place in the engine, and that therefore the means by which the heat from such a source is, in

my apparatus, made to do the work of gasifica'tioiris, distinctively, the important one among all the featurcs of my invention What constitutes my invention will be hereinafter specified in detail and sue einctly set forth in the a pended claims.

In the accompanying d rawing, Figure I isa inedianvertical section of a present preferred form of embodiment of my invention, partiallyin elevation. Fig. II is a top plan of the gasifier diaphragm detached.- Figl III is a similar view of the air regulator detached. F1 IV is a bottom plan detached view of tie adjustment disk for air regulator and cut off, showing also the directly correlated members. F ig. V is a view of the cut-off diaphragm detached,

similar to Fig. II.

Referrin to the numerals on the drawing whereon li e numerals refer to like parts throughout, 42 indicates the body of my volatilizer. It is preferably -made of a single casting embodying double walls defining between them a dosed heating acket 35 that connnunicatcs, as through an intake 36,

with a source of heat, and w ith' means discharge, as through an outlet 37. In prac-r tice the. intake is adapted and intended op-.

eratively to communicate with the exhaust '60.

of an internal c'ombustionengine- (not illus trated) whose heated products of combustion pass out 'throu h the jacket 35 by wa of the outlet 37: he casting 42 also pre erably includes the shell 11 of a float-valve i chamber that is surmounted and securely closed by ahead 10 that is secured to the shell 11, preferablyby agthreaded flange fitting within said shell. w

The head preferably carries a'coaxlial hollow stem 2 that is preferably shouldered at its upper end'to accommodate with "snug fitment a. hollow' cap. 9 having an, oilfinlet 1.

The cap 9' fits as indicated at 9 upon top of the head 10 to form therewith an oiltight. by a jam nut 8. An annular oblong recess 4 a is formed in the 'conti ous inner walls of" f the stud '.6- therein, and communicates with the interior-.cha'mi chamber, and is secured in place preferablythe hollow stem 2 an her of cap 9 as by'a duct 3.

The 'stem2 is occupied by the downwardlv.

projecting stud 6 which is threaded into the, bore of the stem so as to be'susceptiblefof. upi and down adjustment through its rotati vey jz .85

movement. JA screw plug 7 is preferably provided for closing the end of said bore above the stiid 6.

The lower end of the stu'd i is preferably provided with a duct 5 whose upper end 9 deflected so as to communicate with the re-- cess 4 at any point'of adjustment of the stud 6. The lower end of the duct 5 termi-- nates in a valve seat 13, which is preferablyinversely cone shaped to receive with -accu-'- rate fit a conical v'alveiA.

is guided in its rise and fall movements so 166 as to insure proper opening and closingof the valve 1 4 against its seat 13-by the downwardly projecting end of the stud 5 and an oppositely projecting stud 16 extending coaxially with the stud 6 from the bottom of the shell 11.

The interior of the shell 11 communicates near its bottom as through an oil passage 17,

' preferably let into the body 42, with the interior of a gas tight chamber 18, which is 3 The valve 14 is carried upon'a float 12,

,nated as the barrel B.

ner and outer walls are united by any suitablef means, as for example a. threaded joint 22, and are surmounted,- with close fitment among the three members, by'a diaplu'agm 23. It is immaterial what mode or means of assemblement of the'three members which define the chamber 18 are employed so long as they serve to constitutea gas tight cham-. her. a

The union illustrated of the diaphragm '23 with the cylinder 21 by aid of a threaded joint 22'an lof the outer wall A of the cham' ber 18 and the diaphrzi V by a groundjoint 22 is presented merdlg as an example of means suitable for the purpose, it being obvious for instance that the diaphragm '23 may be made integral with the cylinder 21, if preferred.

' It is-in respectto the diaphragm 23 that the principle of my invention involves certain features that are more or less distinctive. Before proceeding to the consideration of such features, it maybe observed upon reference to Fig. I, that the diaphra m 23, combined as ltflS, as by the punt 22; with the cylinder 21, effects, in itself and by .parts appurtenant to it, complete closure. except for provision to the contrary included within itself, of the barrel B above the air passage 22. The pro vision to the contrary referred to in the last sentence is found in certain apertures 19, 21 and '22 which penetrate the diaphragm 23 from top to bottom, apertures IQ-making communication with the chamber 18, apertures 21* making communicationfwith the interior of the cylinder 21, and apertures :22 (preferably consisting of marginal rein the diaphragm completed as shown shy the encompassing barrel Ii) making communicationwith the air passage 22 that surrounds the chamber 18. The apertures 19 are distinctively denominated gas ducts, while the apertures 21" and 22 are air ducts. The said air ducts are preferably of adjustable capaeity and are'limited in their number and transverse dimensions for considerations which will presentl be made to appear but should be of su c'ient number and extent to afford adequate means of supply of heated'air to the gas which issues from the chamber 18 through the gas ducts 19. The

gas ducts are shown (Fig. II) as eight in number, but the precise number is, of course, only a detail. The essential feature in respect to the gas ducts and the diaphragm which accon'uuodates them that they shall be of sufficient longitudinal extentand of and in order that its operation may be continned without material reduction of its own heat, a liquid 'into a gas In passing through It. The term within the definition stated is well understood in the art relating to circulatoryliquid heating systems and in other cognate arts. i

rel B is not sutiicientto communicate a volatzhzmg temperature from thebarrel to the diaphragm 2 but a metallic-contact of i The conductivity of the air within the barv ample area between those members must be provided. In order that the diaphragm shall be of adequate thickness to accommodate a length in the ducts 19 suflieient for the accomplishment of their flash tube function, and also to afford the adequate area of metallic contact for supplying to the walls of said ductsthe temperature requisite for the continuous performance of thatfunction; it is necessary that the mass of metal in the diaphragm should not be reduced below an ascettainal'ile minimum. \Vhat that minimum should be is a question largely of proportions, and no more than a general rule for determining it can be specified herein. "Suffice it to say that the ducts 1!) should :be long enouglrto detain an attenuated column ofkliquid in passing through it in so far as to insure upon application of sullicientheat the substantially instantaneous andcontinuous -vaporiZation as required of the,liquid"fuel. I At the same time the area of contact-between the metal of the diaphragm 23 and that of the barrel B should be so great as to insure. through the conductivityof the said metallic contact communication of that degree of heat whi h the process ofvaporization demands. For example, I prefer to make each of the ducts 15! about one one-thousandths of an inch in diameter and'of'a length which shall confine for a volatilizing interval wvhile passing through it the liquid fuel or lrvdroearbon that is already preheated by the heat of the chamber 18. It is probable that both the length and diameter of the ducts could be varied slightly for differenthydrocarbons but I have made no special experiments along that line of investigation further than to ascertain that excessive reduction of the area of contact between the diaphragm 23 and the barrel B results in interruption of the operation of my apparatus. My preference, therefore, in the construction of the diaphragm, is to provide it, as shown 111 Fig. II, with four apertures 22 which define between them a number of contact making members C preferably corresponding 1n number and,substantially in transverse extent to apertures 22, but the number of apertures and of the contact making memhers is susceptible of-some variation;with1u limits indicated in the lastpreoedingsentehce.

In apparatus of the present description provision should be made for control of the flow of gas. and of the air. supplied thereto. I prefer to provide means therefor in connection with the-diaphragm 23 and specifically, such' as are shown in the drawing. The said preferred specific means consists of a fiat disk valve 24 which makes a tight 'sl'ip joint with the top face of the fixed diaphragm 23 against which it rotates. It isprovided with :1 preferably inte al hollow stem 24' which, at itsj pper en fits rotatively within abearin S23 provided for it in the diaphragm 23, at its lower end fits, in like manner, within'za bearing provided for it in the boss 43 of the body 42 coa-xially with the bearings 23.

The valve 24 is provided with apertures 21? located to register, respectively, with apertures 21" in the diaphragm 23, though the latter are preferably elongated as shown in Fig. II to accommodate a relative adj ustment of the valve, hereinafter described. The valve 24 is also provided with apertures 19 that register, respectively, with the apertu'res 19 in the'diaphragni 23, and which are, for the purposes of adjustment alluded to above, of a greater extent, transversely, than are apertures 19. Such enlargement of transverse extent apertures 19 may be obtained for example,;by extending them into are shaped slots concentric in disposition with the valve disk 24, as shown in Fig. V, but-this is avariable detail. The valve 24 is also provided with marginal recesses 22 which correspond in number and disposition with the recesses 22 of the diaphragm'23, and which, when the valve is in place within the barrel B, constitute, in the valve, ape.tures which the encompassing barrel serves to complete. The recesses 22 define contact making members C? which in number and disposition correspond to the members C of the diaphragm 23. My preference for making the contour of the valve 24 to correspond with that of thediaphragm 23 isdetermined by the fact that, by reason of the close juxtaposition of those numbers, they cooperate as one member to efiect conduction from the barrel B to the walls of the gas ducts 19 of heat sufficient for the purpose of vglatilization as already specified.

:lated to a nicetyf Said mean pret -5% I prefer to provide, preferably inconnection with the valve 24, means for regulating the air. supply tothe mixingchamber 39 into which air and gas, passing thr'oilgh the diaphragm 23, are discharged; and where they 7c are co'mming'led. To that end. I provide a disk regulator 25 whose'radius/is less than that of the circle about which the. apertures 19 and 19 are ranged, and whichis provided with openings 21 that correspond in number and disposition,'and prefeta l .fm daameter with the apertures 21 iii 1. 1e valve 24; Means are provided for setting the regula-. tor 25, so that its openings 21 shall perfectly or partially register with, or completely close the apertures 21, whereby the air supply] capacity of the said apertures may bere consists of a rod'25 which fits rotatably'zi l;

within-the hollow valve stem 24 and extends sb from end to end thereof. At one, extrenuty it projects in the shape of a reduced end 25? to accommodate the regulator 25 which is secured to it by a nut 25. At its other extremity it carries in like manner an adjust- 9O ment disk 30 that is securely fixed to it as by a nut 34.

Between the disk 30 and the end of the boss 43. I provide the hub 29 of a lever hendie 29, fixed to the slightly reduced smooth end of the stem 24. The hub is surmounted by a nut a .28 that is threaded to the stem 24 and bears against an annular spring 27 interposed directlybetwe'en it and the end of the boss 43, with the ellect of affording a yielding and adjustable means of securing the valve stem 24 and its valve 24 in place. I

A collar 26 is preferably provided about the end of the boss 43. It is adjustably fixed in place as by an abutment screw 26 and has 10.5 a stop lug"26 that projects in the path of movement of the lever 29?; By adjustment of the collar 26 the swin'gofi. the lever may be limited as desired, apdtthe cut-ofi"move.-. ifpent of the valve 24 thereby determined and The disk 30 is provided a's-a means for adjustablycoupling the valve 24 and the disk 25 twether, and that end is accomplished throu- 1 direct engagement between the disk 116 30 secured to the rod 25, on the one hand, and the hub 29 secured to the valve stem 24, on the other hand. The'said direct .engagement is effected by aid of a screw stud 31 projecting from the hub 29 through an 1-20 are shaped slot 33 in the disk 30 and concentrio with the disk. A jam nut 32 threaded to the stud 31, afiords means for seeuring'the stem 24 and the rod 25 as wellas their respectively attached members 24 and-.25 in any relative positions to which, upon loosening of the nut 32, they may be adjusted. After the nut 32 is set against the'disk 30 the members 24 and; 25 work together as one upon manipulation of the lever a upply of air to the interior of the jacket 2-13 is regulated \"suitable means-such for example as a valve -3 1 mounted n ar the air intabc 10.

The mixing chamber is located above the valve 24 and may be no more than the unobstructed end of the interior of the barrel l5. -\s shownin Fig. I of the drawing it is slightly constricted b v the throat of a suitable union 40 which I- prefer to employ as a means for attaching: m v volatilizer in place in service. The union 40 is characterized b \'.a petticoa't-flange 43 depending from a web flange -14. The end" of the flange 43 fits snugly within the collar ii of the bod) 42 and is securely held in position therein but with convenient detachability. as by aid of a series of abutment scre '41 that penetrate the collar 42 from the side and whose ends engage the outside of flange 43. I

The operation of my apparatus may be clearly understood from the foregoing in view of the following brief description. The shell 11 with its parts appurtenant and the mechanism for control of liquid fuel supply which my apparatus like other devices for-a ene rall similar purpose includes is preferably provided. By it or other suitable means a suitable hydrocarbon or other liquid, is supplied through the oil inlet 1 to the'interior of the shell 11 that communicates with the chamber 18, and is. by the gine (not illustrated) as they pass from the intake 36 to the outlet 37 through the heating jacket ofthebody 42 of the vaporizer. The heat so derived is communicated to the chamber 18 at such a degree as to raise the temperature of the oi l therein to a high degree but by reason of the direct metallic contact between the barrel B andthe diaphragm 23. located, as such points of contact are, directly opposite the intake 36, a higher temperature suflicien't to volatilize the heated oil therein is communicated to the walls-of the gas ducts 19 which operate as specified with "flash tube upon the oil as it passes through them. The result that a continuous flow of gas is discharged from the ducts into the mixing chamber 3!! where it is connningled with heated air supplied through the air ducts of the diaphragm Q3. The means for regulating the supply of said air have been already described as well as the means for shutting off the flow of both air and gas by manipulation of the lever 29.

'hat I claim is: 1. In a volatilizegfor internal con-bastion cng'in s. the ombinatim'i with a bodv proitled with means for thedis harg'e through it of the heated products of con'ibustion from an engine. of a gas tight chamber defined within said bod v and adapted when in service-for operative communi ation with the engine. means of liquid fuel supply to the said chamter, and a member in heat condu tive contact with said body and provided ith ducts of flash tube effect that afl'ord exclusive means of escape for the contents of said chamber. whereliiv in passing through-them a flow of. liquid fuel supply to the chamber is converted into a fived gas and -issues from the ducts in continuous supply.

2. In a volatilize! for internal conibustion engines, the combination with a body provided with an air pasnge adapted to communicate wit-h an engine and including a' barrel.- of a chamber defined within said body and located within the barrel so as only partially to obstruct the air ,pitssage, and provided with gas ducts adapted to'dis: charge. the contents of the chamber with flash tube lect, into a commingling chamber provided in the air passage, means of heating the walls of said ducts'to a gasifymg temperature. and means of liquid fuel supply to said chamber.

3. In a volatilizer for internal combustion engines. the combination with a body provided with an air passage adapted to com-. municate with an engine'and including a barrel. of a chan'iber defined within said body and located within the barrel so as only partially to obstruct. the air passage, a diaphragm in contact with the barrel, means of heating the diaphragm from the products of combustion of the engine, means of com los nmnication of the air'passage through the diaphragm. gas ducts in the diaphragm -ommunicating with and adapted to discharge the contents of said chamber with flash tube efl'ect, a commingling chamber provided in the air passage to receive the 'as and airdischarged through the diaphragm. and -1neans of to said chamber.

4. In a volatilizer for internal combustion engines. the combination with a body' provided with anair passage adapted to communi ate \vitlran engine and including a barrel. of a chan'iber defined within said od) and located within the arrel so as only partially to obstruct the air passage, :1 diaphragm in contact with the barrel. means of heating' the diaphragm from the products liquid, fuel supply of combustion of the engine. means of communication of the air passage through the diaphragm. gas 'dfi'cts in the diaphra communicating with and adapted to discharge the contents of said chamber Withflash tube effect, a commingling chamber provided in the air passage to receive $1153 gas and air discharged, through the diaphragm, and means for regulating the air supplied through the air passage to the commingling chamber.

5. In a volatilizer for internal combustion engines, the combination with a body provided with an air passage adapted to communicate with an engine and including a barrel, of a chamber defined Within said body, and located within the barrel so as only partially to obstruct the air passage, a diaphragm in contact with the barrel, means of heating the diaphragm from the products of combustion of the engine, means of communication of the air passage through the diaphragm, gas ducts in the diaphragm communicating with and adapted to discharge the contents of said chamber with flash tube effect, a commingling chamber provided in the air passage to receive the gas and air discharged through the diaphragm, and means for regulating the air supplied through the air passage to the commingling chamber said last named means comprising a movable valve apertured correspondingly to the diaphragm and in operative juxtaposition to the diaphragm.

6. In a volatilizer for internal combustion engines, the combination with a body provided with an air passage adapted to communicate with an engine and includin a barrel, of a chamber definedwithin said body and located within the barrelso as only partially to obstruct the air passage, means of heating the diaphragm from the products of combustion of the engine, a diaphragm closing the barrel and the chamber, airducts in the diaphragm establishing communication between the two portions of air passage separated by the diaphragm, gas ducts-in the diaphragm communicating with and adapted to discharge the contents of said chamber with flash tube efi'ect, a commingling chamber provided inthe air pasa sage to receive the gas and air discharged through the diaphragm, and means of liquid fuel supply to said chamber.

7. In a volatilizer for internal combustion engines, the combination with a body provided with. an air passage adapted to communicate with an engine and includ ing a barrel, of a chamber defined within said body and located within the barrel so as only partially to obstruct the air passage, means of heating the diaphragm from the products of combustion of the engine, a diaphragm closing the barrel and the chamber, air ducts in the"diaphragm establishing communication between the two portions of air passage separated by the diaphragm, gas ducts in the diaphragm communicating with and adapted to discharge the contents of said chamber with flash tube efiect, a conuningling chamber provided in the air passage to receive the gas and air discharged through the diaphragm, means of liquid fuel supply to said cham er, a valve provided with apertures to correspond with those inithe diaphragm and juxtaposed to the diaphragm with slip joint effect, and means for actuating the valve. I v 8. In a volatilizer for internal combustio engines, the combination with a body provided with an air passage adapted to communicatewith an engine and including a barrel, of a chamber defined within said body and located within the barrel so as only partially to obstruct the air passage, means of heating the diaphragm from the products of combustion of the engine, a diaphragm closing the barrel and the chamber,

air ducts in the diaphragm establishing com-- munication between the' two portions of air passage separated by the diaphragm, gas ducts in the dia hragm communicating with andadapted to ischarge the contents of said chamber with flash tube effect, a commin gling chamber provided in the air passage to receive the gas and air discharged through the diaphragm, means of liquid fuel supply to said chamber, a valve provided with apertures to correspond With those in the diaphragm and juxtaposed to the diaphragm with slip joint eifect, a regulator apertured to correspond to the valve, means for adjustably uniting the regulator and valve and means for actuating the valve and regulator as one member. R

In testimony whereof, have hereunto, signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribingnwitnesses.

' r FRANK TEED. Witnesses: I

T: S.. ROBINSON, AARON R. COHEN. 

